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Full-spectrum Quantum Sensor Support

Full-spectrum quantum sensor support

Introduction
Specifications
Videos
Case Studies
Product Manuals
Spec Sheets
Technical Drawings
Helpful Articles & Links
FAQs
Software & Datalogger Programs
Recalibration & Repair
Applications and Uses

 

Full-spectrum Quantum Sensor Introduction

Radiation that drives photosynthesis is called photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and is typically defined as total radiation across a range of 400 to 700 nm. PAR is often expressed as photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD): photon flux in units of micromoles per square meter per second (µmol m-2 s-1, equal to microEinsteins per square meter per second) summed from 400 to 700 nm (total number of photons from 400 to 700 nm). While Einsteins and micromoles are equal (one Einstein = one mole of photons), the Einstein is not an SI unit, so expressing PPFD as µmol m-2 s-1 is preferred.

Sensors that measure PPFD are often called quantum sensors due to the quantized nature of radiation. A quantum referes to the minimum quantity of radiation, one photon, involved in physical interactions (e.g., absorption by photosynthetic pigments). In other words, one photon is a single quantum of radiation.

Apogee Instruments SQ series quantum sensors consist of a cast acrylic diffuser (filter), photodiode, and signal processing circuitry mounted in an anodized aluminum housing, and a cable to connect the sensor to a measurement device. Sensors are potted solid with no internal air space. SQ-500 series quantum sensors are designed for continuous PPFD measurement in indoor and outdoor environments.

 

Full-spectrum Quantum Sensor Specifications
Apogee Instruments Full-spectrum Quantum Sensor Specifications
  SQ-500-SS SQ-512-SS SQ-514-SS SQ-515-SS SQ-520 SQ-521-SS SQ-522-SS
Power Supply Self-powered 5 to 24 V DC 12 to 24 V DC 5.5 to 24 V DC 5 V USB power source 5.5 to 24 V DC 5.5 to 24 V DC
Current Draw - At 12 V is 57 µA maximum of 20 mA At 12 V is 57 µA 61 mA when logging 1.4 mA (quiescent); 1.8 mA (active) RS-232 37 mA;
RS-485 quiescent 37 mA, active 42 mA
Output (Sensitivity) 0.01 mV per µmol m-2 s-1 0.625 mV per µmol m-2 s-1 0.004 mV per µmol m-2 s-1 1.25 mV per µmol m-2 s-1 - - -
Output Type 0 to 40 mV 0 to 2.5 V 4 to 20 mA 0 to 5 V USB SDI-12 Modbus
Resolution - - - - 0.1 µmol m-2 s-1 - -
Calibration Factor (reciprocal of sensitivity) 100 µmol m-2 s-1 per mV 1.6 µmol m-2 s-1 per mV 250 µmol m-2 s-1 per mA 0.8 µmol m-2 s-1 per mV Custom for each sensor and stored in the firmware Custom for each sensor and stored in the firmware Custom for each sensor and stored in the firmware
Calibration Uncertainty ± 5 % ± 5 % ± 5 % ± 5 % ± 5 % ± 5 % ± 5 %
Measurement Repeatability Less than 0.5 % Less than 1 % Less than 0.5 % Less than 1 % Less than 0.5 % Less than 1 % Less than 1 %
Long-term Drift per Year Less than 2 % per year Less than 2 % per year Less than 2 % per year Less than 2 % per year Less than 2 % per year Less than 2 % per year Less than 2 % per year
Non-linearity Less than 1 % (up to 4000 µmol m-2 s-1) Less than 1 % (up to 4000 µmol m-2 s-1) Less than 1 % (up to 4000 µmol m-2 s-1) Less than 1 % (up to 4000 µmol m-2 s-1) Less than 1 % (up to 4000 µmol m-2 s-1) Less than 1 % (up to 4000 µmol m-2 s-1) Less than 1 % (up to 4000 µmol m-2 s-1)
Response Time Less than 1 ms Less than 1 ms Less than 1 ms Less than 1 ms Software updates every second Less than 0.6 s -
Field of View 180° 180° 180° 180° 180° 180° 180°
Spectral Range 389 to 692 nm ± 5 nm (wavelengths where response is greater than 50 %) 389 to 692 nm ± 5 nm (wavelengths where response is greater than 50 %) 389 to 692 nm ± 5 nm (wavelengths where response is greater than 50 %) 389 to 692 nm ± 5 nm (wavelengths where response is greater than 50 %) 389 to 692 nm ± 5 nm (wavelengths where response is greater than 50 %) 389 to 692 nm ± 5 nm (wavelengths where response is greater than 50 %) 389 to 692 nm ± 5 nm (wavelengths where response is greater than 50 %)
Spectral Selectivity Less than 10 % from 412 to 682 nm ± 5 nm Less than 10 % from 412 to 682 nm ± 5 nm Less than 10 % from 412 to 682 nm ± 5 nm Less than 10 % from 412 to 682 nm ± 5 nm Less than 10 % from 412 to 682 nm ± 5 nm Less than 10 % from 412 to 682 nm ± 5 nm Less than 10 % from 412 to 682 nm ± 5 nm
Directional (Cosine) Response ± 5 % at 75° zenith angle ± 2 % at 45°; ± 5 % at 75° ± 2 % at 45°; ± 5 % at 75° ± 2 % at 45°; ± 5 % at 75° ± 5 % at 75° zenith angle ± 2 % at 45°; ± 5 % at 75° ± 2 % at 45°; ± 5 % at 75°
Temperature Response -0.11 ± 0.04 % per C -0.11 ± 0.04 % per C -0.11 ± 0.04 % per C -0.11 ± 0.04 % per C -0.11 ± 0.04 % per C -0.11 ± 0.04 % per C -0.11 ± 0.04 % per C
Operating Environment -40 to 70 C; 0 to 100 % relative humidity; can be submerged in water up to depths of 30 m -40 to 70 C; 0 to 100 % relative humidity; can be submerged in water up to depths of 30 m -40 to 70 C; 0 to 100 % relative humidity; can be submerged in water up to depths of 30 m -40 to 70 C; 0 to 100 % relative humidity; can be submerged in water up to depths of 30 m -40 to 70 C; 0 to 100 % relative humidity; can be submerged in water up to depths of 30 m -40 to 70 C; 0 to 100 % relative humidity; can be submerged in water up to depths of 30 m -40 to 70 C; 0 to 100 % relative humidity; can be submerged in water up to depths of 30 m
Dimensions 24 mm diameter, 37 mm height 30.5 mm diameter, 37 mm height 30.5 mm diameter, 37 mm height 30.5 mm diameter, 37 mm height 24 mm diameter, 37 mm height 30.5 mm diameter, 37 mm height 30.5 mm diameter, 37 mm height
Mass (5 m of cable) 100 g 140 g 140 g 140 g 100 g 140 g 140 g

 

Full-spectrum Quantum Sensor Videos
Apogee Instruments Full-spectrum Quantum Sensor Videos

Meter User Guide 2023

Why do I need a PAR-Quantum Meter?

If you can't access the video via Youtube, click here.

In-depth Look at PAR-Quantum Meters

If you can't access the video via Youtube, click here.

Choosing a Quantum Sensor

Apogee microcache with Quantum Sensor Quickstart Guide

Far-red: The Forgotten Photons

If you can't access the video via Youtube, click here.

Turning Photons Into Food

If you can't access the video via Youtube, click here.

Toward an Optimal Spectral Quality for Plant Growth and Development

If you can't access the video via Youtube, click here.

PAR Sensor Spectral Error Correction Tool

If you can't access the video via Youtube, click here.

Quantum (PAR) Sensor Spectral Error Correction Tool

PAR, PPF, PPFD, and PFD Explained

Photobiology Simplified with Dr Bruce Bugbee

If you can't access the video via Youtube, click here.

Lecture 4-PAR

Apogee Instruments Meter User Guide

 

Full-spectrum Quantum Sensor Case Studies
Apogee Instruments Full-spectrum Quantum Sensor Case Studies
Typical Applications

Applications include:

• PPFD measurements over plant canopies in outdoor environments, greenhouses, and growth chambers

• Reflected or under-canopy (transmitted) PPFD measurements in outdoor environments, greenhouses, and growth chambers

• PAR/PPFD measurements in aquatic environments, including salt water aquariums where corals are grown

Colorful tomatoes
Growing Tomatoes in Residential Spaces
Using Apogee full-spectrum quantum meters and a spectroradiometer, this study investigated the growth and productivity of 20 different tomato breeds in greenhouses and residential spaces.
Read More >
PDF >
Colorful coral
Improving Coral Shipping Conditions
An Apogee quantum meter measured light irradiance in a study testing how coral survived in different transportation simulations.
Read More >
PDF >
Honeycrisp apples
Reflective Groundcover on Honeycrisp Apple Color
To understand the effects of reflective groundcovers in orchards using protective netting, Apogee quantum PAR sensors were used to measure light penetration and fruit coloration in bicolored ‘Honeycrisp’ apples.
Read More >
PDF >
Cut flowers
Salinity Sensitivity of Anemone and Ranunculus Flowers
Apogee’s pyranometer, full-spectrum quantum meter, and chlorophyll concentration meter were used to study the salinity sensitivity of anemone and ranunculus flowers.
Read More >
PDF >
Cannabis flower
Florogenesis in Female Cannabis sativa
Apogee’s full spectrum quantum meter assisted in studying the metabolite profile contained in the inflorescences of female Cannabis.
Read More >
PDF >
Seagrass in ocean
Studying Staminate Flowers of Seagrass in an Aquarium
An Apogee full-spectrum quantum PAR sensor is utilized in studying male seagrass flowers in a research aquarium in Singapore.
Read More >
PDF >
Dr. Bruce Bugbee inspecting Cannabis with an Apogee MQ-500
Increasing Cannabis Economic Yield through Lighting
Four different Apogee Instruments products, ST-100, MQ-500, PS-300, and SN-500-SS, are used in researching how to increase Cannabis economic yield with lighting.
Read More >
PDF >
SITES AquaNET
SITES AquaNET
Creating an open infrastructure for mesocosm experiments with high frequency sensor monitoring across lakes.
Read More >
PDF >
Modelling Algal Species in Kuwait with MQ-510
Modelling Algal Species in Kuwait
The Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research uses Apogees' MQ-510 underwater full-spectrum quantum meter to help model algal species. Here is a description Dr. Yousef Alosairi, Research Scientist in the field of numerical modeling of coastal processes, provided about their work:
Read More >
PDF >
Cornell Controlled Environmental Agriculture Light Research
Apogee Instruments' SQ-520 Full-Spectrum Quantum Sensor is helping Cornell University conduct research on growing vegetables in greenhouses using electric lighting.
Read More >
PDF >
RSMAS Coral Acidification Study
RSMAS Coral Acidification Study
Miami's Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science (RSMAS) is using Apogee's MQ-510 underwater full-spectrum quantum meter to help study coral acidification. Here is a description Sara Swaminathan provided about their work:
Read More >
PDF >
Fertiliziing Pot Grown Crops
Fertilizing Pot Grown Crops
Researching the dynamics of nitrogen availability in pot grown crops with organic fertilization
Read More >
Determining Grow Light Position Using a PAR Meter
Determining Grow Light Position Using a PAR Meter
Full-spectrum quantum sensor used to measure the PPFD output of grow lights to create PAR intensity maps of a grow area. The PAR intensity map is then used to determine how far the grow lights should be positioned from the crop for maximum yield.
Read More >
PDF >
Tivoli Gardens Study
Tivoli Gardens Study
Using Apogee underwater quantum meters to measure light levels in the Tivoli Gardens aquarium exhibition.
Read More >
PDF >

If you would like to share your application of this product, please click here

 

Full-spectrum Quantum Sensor Product Manuals
Apogee Instruments Full-spectrum Quantum Sensor Product Manuals
SQ-500-SS
SQ-512-SS
SQ-514-SS
SQ-515-SS
SQ-520-USB
SQ-521-SS
SQ-522-SS
MQ-500
MQ-501
MQ-510

 

Full-spectrum Quantum Sensor Specification Sheets
Apogee Instruments Full-spectrum Quantum Sensor Specification Sheets
SQ-500-SS
SQ-512-SS
SQ-514-SS
SQ-515-SS
SQ-520-USB
SQ-521-SS
SQ-522-SS
MQ-500
MQ-501
MQ-510

 

Full-spectrum Quantum Sensor Technical Drawings
Apogee Instruments Full-spectrum Quantum Sensor Technical Drawings
SQ-500-SS
SQ-512-SS
SQ-514-SS
SQ-515-SS
SQ-520-USB
SQ-521-SS
SQ-522-SS
MQ Series
MQ-501

 

  Helpful Articles and Links

   Troubleshooting Help for SQ-420X being Calibrated as Pyranometer in Quantum Sensor Software

   How to Correct for Spectral Errors of Popular Light Sources (Apogee PAR Meter LED Corrections)

   Underwater PAR Measurements

   Low Light Calibration Error Notice

   Turn an Android Device into a Meter

   Solar, Net, and Photosynthetic Radiation - ASA Agroclimatology

   Dana Riddle Reviews the MQ-500/510 - Dana Riddle, Advanced Aquarist

   Apogee MQ-510 is The First Truly Underwater PAR Meter for Hobbyists - Jake Adams, Reef Builders

   SQ-500 Product Announcement

   Spectral Error for Apogee Instruments 500 Series Quantum Sensors/Meters White Paper

   Immersion Effect Correction Factors for Apogee Quantum Sensors White Paper

   USB Quantum Sensor Software Support

   DLI (Daily Light Integral): Measuring Light for Plants

   Comparisons in Quantum Sensor Output for Different Light Sources

   Light Intensity Measurements for LEDs

   Economic Analysis of Greenhouse Lighting: Light Emitting Diodes vs. High Intensity Discharge Fixtures

   Spectral Errors from Four Commercial Quantum Sensors Under LEDs and Other Electric Lights

   Analysis of Spectral and Cosine Errors in Quantum Sensors

   Apogee Meter Tips and Troubleshooting

   PPFD to Illuminance Calculator

   Converting from µmol m-2 s-1 to footcandles

   Converting from µmol m-2 s-1 to Lux

   Converting from µmol m-2 s-1 to mol m-2 d-1

   Converting from µmol m-2 s-1 to Einsteins

   Accuracy of Apogee Quantum Sensors Underwater Research Report

   Comparison of Eight Quantum Sensor Models Research Report

   Field of View of Apogee and SenEye Quantum Sensors Research Report

   Directional Response of Apogee and Hydrofarm Quantum Meters Research Report

   Apogee vs. LI-COR Quantum / PAR Sensors

Journal Articles

   Comparison of Light-emitting Diode and High-pressure Sodium Light Treatments for Hydroponics Growth of Boston Lettuce

   The Effect of Daily Light Integral on Bedding Plant Growth and Flowering

   CO2 Fluxes Over an old, Temperate Mexed Fores in Northeastern China

   Will Photosynthesis of Maize (Zea Mays) in the US Corn Belt increase in future CO2 Rich Atmospheres? An Analysis of Diurnal Courses of CO2 uptake under Free-air Concentration Enrchment (FACE)

   Biomass Production and Pigment Accumulation in Kale Grown Under Increasing Photoperiods

   Photosynthetic Irradiance and Nutrition Effects on Growth of English Ivy in Subirrigation Systems

   Free-Air Carbon Dioxide Enrichment of Soybean

   Cuttings of Impatiens, Pelargonium, and Petunia Propagated under Light-emitting Diodes and High-pressure Sodium Lamps Have Comparable Growth Morphology, Gas Exchange, and Post-transplant Performance

   Intermittent Light from a Rotating High-pressure Sodium Lamp Promotes Flowering of Long-day Plants

   Low-temperature Storage Influences Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of Nonrooted Cuttings of New Guinea Impatiens

   Effects of Enhanced Ultraviolet-B Radiation and Antioxidative-type Plant Growth Regulators on Rice Leaf Photosynthetic Rate, Photochemistry, and Physiology

   Photosynthetic Daily Light Integral during Propagation Influences Roothing and Growth of Cutting and Subsequent Development of New Guinea Impatiens and Petunia

   Comparison of Intracanopy Light-emitting Diode Towers and Overhead High-pressure Sodium Lamps for Supplemental Lighting of Greenhouse-grown Tomatoes

   Photochemical Bleaching of Fluorescent Dissolved Organic Matter in the Subtropical North Pacific Ocean

 

  FAQs
For FAQs Click Here

 

Full-spectrum Quantum Sensor Software & Datalogger Programs
Specification Sheets Icon
Sample Datalogger Programs

Programs are in .CR1X format and can be downloaded for use with Campbell Scientific dataloggers. Right click and select "Save target as..." or an equivalent command in your browser. They can also be viewed using Wordpad or other text viewers.

Note: In 2020 the CR1000 Campbell Scientific datalogger was discontinued. Click here to access the discontinued .CR1 format sample datalogger programs >

Quantum Sensor - Unamplified >
Quantum Sensor - Amplified >
Quantum Sensor - SDI-12 >
Quantum Sensor - Modbus >

 

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